一、程序前言程序在执行过程中 crash 是崩溃非常严重的问题，一般都应该在测试阶段排除掉这些问题，代码调用但是中何栈信总会有漏网之鱼被带到 release 阶段。 因此，获取函数程序的程序日志系统需要侦测这种情况，在代码崩溃的崩溃时候获取函数调用栈信息，为 debug 提供有效的高防服务器代码调用信息。 这篇文章的中何栈信理论知识很少，直接分享 2 段代码：在 Linux 和 Windows 这 2 个平台上，获取函数如何用C++ 来捕获函数调用栈里的程序信息。 二、崩溃Linux 平台1. 注册异常信号的代码调用处理函数需要处理哪些异常信号 #include <execinfo.h> #include <cxxabi.h> #include <signal.h> const std::map<int, std::string> Signals = { {SIGINT, "SIGINT"}, {SIGABRT, "SIGABRT"}, {SIGFPE, "SIGFPE"}, {SIGILL, "SIGILL"}, {SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV"} // 可以添加其他信号 }; 注册信号处理函数 struct sigaction action; sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask); action.sa_sigaction = &sigHandler; action.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO; for (const auto &sigPair : Signals) { if (sigaction(sigPair.first, &action, NULL) < 0) fprintf(stderr, "Error: sigaction failed! n"); } 2. 捕获异常，获取函数调用栈信息void sigHandler(int signum,中何栈信 siginfo_t *info, void *ctx) { const size_t dump_size = 50; void *array[dump_size]; int size = backtrace(array, dump_size); char **symbols = backtrace_symbols(array, size); std::ostringstream oss; for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) { char *mangleName = 0; char *offsetBegin = 0; char *offsetEnd = 0; for (char *p = symbols[i]; *p; ++p) { if (( == *p) { mangleName = p; } else if (+ == *p) { offsetBegin = p; } else if () == *p) { offsetEnd = p; break; } } if (mangleName && offsetBegin && offsetEnd && mangleName < offsetBegin) { *mangleName++ = ; *offsetBegin++ = ; *offsetEnd++ = ; int status; char *realName = abi::__cxa_demangle(mangleName, 0, 0, &status); if (0 == status) oss << "tstack dump [" << i << "] " << symbols[i] << " : " << realName << "+"; else oss << "tstack dump [" << i << "] " << symbols[i] << mangleName << "+"; oss << offsetBegin << offsetEnd << std::endl; free(realName); } else { oss << "tstack dump [" << i << "] " << symbols[i] << std::endl; } } free(symbols); oss << std::endl; std::cout << oss.str(); // 打印函数调用栈信息 } 三、Windwos 平台在 Windows 平台下的获取函数代码实现，源码库参考了国外某个老兄的代码，如下： 1. 设置异常处理函数#include <windows.h> #include <dbghelp.h> SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(exceptionHandler); 2. 捕获异常，获取函数调用栈信息void exceptionHandler(LPEXCEPTION_POINTERS info) { CONTEXT *context = info->ContextRecord; std::shared_ptr<void> RaiiSysCleaner(nullptr, [&](void *) { SymCleanup(GetCurrentProcess()); }); const size_t dumpSize = 64; std::vector<uint64_t> frameVector(dumpSize); DWORD machine_type = 0; STACKFRAME64 frame = {}; frame.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat; frame.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat; frame.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat; #ifdef _M_IX86 frame.AddrPC.Offset = context->Eip; frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context->Ebp; frame.AddrStack.Offset = context->Esp; machine_type = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386; #elif _M_X64 frame.AddrPC.Offset = context->Rip; frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context->Rbp; frame.AddrStack.Offset = context->Rsp; machine_type = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64; #elif _M_IA64 frame.AddrPC.Offset = context->StIIP; frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context->IntSp; frame.AddrStack.Offset = context->IntSp; machine_type = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_IA64; frame.AddrBStore.Offset = context.RsBSP; frame.AddrBStore.Mode = AddrModeFlat; #else frame.AddrPC.Offset = context->Eip; frame.AddrFrame.Offset = context->Ebp; frame.AddrStack.Offset = context->Esp; machine_type = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386; #endif for (size_t index = 0; index < frameVector.size(); ++index) { if (StackWalk64(machine_type, GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentThread(), &frame, context, NULL, SymFunctionTableAccess64, SymGetModuleBase64, NULL)) { frameVector[index] = frame.AddrPC.Offset; } else { break; } } std::string dump; const size_t kSize = frameVector.size(); for (size_t index = 0; index < kSize && frameVector[index]; ++index) { dump += getSymbolInfo(index, frameVector); dump += "n"; } std::cout << dump; } 主要是利用了 StackWalk64 这个函数，从地址转换为函数名称。 利用以上几个神器，基本上可以获取到程序崩溃时的函数调用栈信息，定位问题，有如神助! 
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